Inflammation
Long-term use of steroids may suppress the body's protective functions and increase the risk of infections. You may need a flu shot while taking corticosteroids. For prolonged use, discuss with your doctor the possibility of taking a pneumonia vaccine. If an inflammatory process such as fever, productive cough, urinary pain, rashes of vague origin is suspected or you have been suffering from tuberculosis, have had recent contact with patients, or have a positive mantle test, seek immediate medical attention.
Gastrointestinal ulcers or bleeding
Steroids may increase the risk of ulcers and bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, especially if taken in combination with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen or aspirin. Always take your corticosteroid therapy after a meal or in combination with an antacid medication. If you have frequent heartburn, talk to your doctor about the inclusion of a heartburn medication. Instantly contact your doctor if you have permanent abdominal pain or dark stools.
Insomnia or mood swings
Corticosteroids can disturb your sleep, and at high doses they can lead to mood swings from deep depression, to severe euphoria, to irritability or anxiety. For sleeping, you can talk to your doctor about how well you can take your full daily dose of medication in the morning, use relaxation techniques and provide plenty of comfort in your bedroom (darkness, silence, fresh air).
Tell your relatives about the possibility of changing your moods. This side effect often can not be avoided, but you can be prepared and relieve the intensity as much as possible.
Fluid retention and increased blood pressure
The body is involved in regulating the balance of water, sodium and other electrolytes in the body. The use of corticosteroids may lead to the retention of more fluid in the cells and may cause or worsen already existing hypertension. A diet with a reduced sodium content can improve these conditions. Choose foods with reduced salt content. Monitor your blood pressure, especially if you are prone to hypertension. Tell your doctor if you notice swelling of the ankles and arms.
Increased blood sugar
Cortisone is involved in regulating blood glucose levels and long-term use of corticosteroids may result in elevated blood glucose or diabetes. Follow your blood glucose levels regularly, and if you are already diagnosed with diabetes, follow your strictly prescribed therapy and diet.
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